Snell's Law Optical Refraction & Critical Angle Physics Calculator
Calculate angle of refraction (θ2), critical angle for Total Internal Reflection (TIR), and index of refraction across glass, water, optical fibers, and diamond interfaces.
Calculator Inputs
Live Real-TimeAngle of Refraction (θ₂)
Speed of Light in Medium 2 (km/s)
197,368.42 km/s
Sine of Refraction Angle sin(θ₂)
0.33 val
Optical Bending: Light bends toward the normal boundary when entering a denser refractive medium.
Optical Refraction Angles
Detailed Calculation Breakdown
Calculation Methodology
Snell's Law: n1 * sin(θ1) = n2 * sin(θ2). Refraction Angle: θ2 = arcsin[(n1/n2) * sin(θ1)]. Critical Angle: θ_crit = arcsin(n2 / n1) when n1 > n2.
Important Legal & Educational Disclaimer
This geometric optics tool models electromagnetic wavefront refraction across optical boundaries.
This calculator is designed for educational and informational purposes only based on public statutory frameworks. The outputs do not constitute binding financial, tax, or legal advice. We assume no liability for decisions made based on these estimations. Always verify with the relevant official authorities or a certified professional advisor.
Frequently Asked Questions
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